Republic of Colombia
South America · Caribbean and Pacific coasts
- Capital
- Bogotá
- Largest city
- Bogotá
- Language
- Spanish
- Demonym
- Colombian
- Government
- Unitary presidential republic
- President
- Abelardo de la Espriella (since 7 August 2026)
- Currency
- Colombian peso (COP · $)
- Area
- 1,141,748 km²
- WTO member
- Yes — since 1995
- Trade blocs
- Andean Community (CAN); Pacific Alliance
Colombia's Geography & People
Colombia sits in the north-west of South America and is the only South American country with coastlines on both the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. It borders Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Panama.
Bogotá, the capital, lies high in the Andes; Barranquilla, Cartagena and Buenaventura are its main ports.
Colombia's Economy
Colombia exports crude oil, coal, gold, coffee, flowers and bananas, and imports mainly machinery, vehicles, chemicals and food.
Gold has become a major growth driver: its export value nearly doubled in January–July 2026 (DANE).
Colombia's Trade Policy
Colombia belongs to the Andean Community and the Pacific Alliance and has free trade agreements with the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Canada and others. It has been a WTO member since 1995.
Abelardo de la Espriella took office as president on 7 August 2026, succeeding Gustavo Petro.
Colombia's Trade Position
Colombia runs a goods trade deficit, which widened in 2026 as imports grew faster than exports (DANE).
China is now its largest supplier, while the United States remains by far its largest export market.
Colombia's Top Trading Partners
Goods · Jan–Jul 2026 · DANEThe United States is Colombia's largest trading partner, with $19.76 billion of two-way goods trade in January–July 2026. China is second at about $13.9 billion, almost entirely Colombian imports; Brazil, Mexico and India follow.
| # | Partner | Colombia's exports to | Colombia's imports from | Total trade |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇺🇸 United States | $9,234M | $10,526M | $19,760M |
| 2 | 🇨🇳 China | ~$650M | $13,254M | ~$13,904M |
| 3 | 🇧🇷 Brazil | $1,284M | $2,326M | $3,609M |
| 4 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $1,134M | $2,264M | $3,398M |
| 5 | 🇮🇳 India | $1,583M | ~$1,151M | ~$2,734M |
| 6 | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | $711M | $449M | $1,159M |
Exports are FOB and imports CIF, from DANE's July 2026 bulletins and Analdex's analysis of DANE data. Values marked ~ are calculated from DANE's published shares: exports to China were 2.0% of $32,489M and imports from India 2.5% of $46,044M. Panama ($2,751M of exports) and the European Union as a bloc ($4,954M of exports) are also major markets, but their import values are not published in the bulletins, so they are not ranked here.
India is one of Colombia's top export markets
India was Colombia's fourth-largest export destination in January–July 2026, buying mostly crude oil (DANE). Colombia has no trade agreement with India. Check trade obstacles for your product →
Other Country Profiles
Import Summary
Colombia's Top Import Sources
Goods, CIF · Jan–Jul 2026 · DANELATEST| # | Country | Imports | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇨🇳 China | $13,254M | |
| 2 | 🇺🇸 United States | $10,526M | |
| 3 | 🇧🇷 Brazil | $2,326M | |
| 4 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $2,264M |
DANE publishes values for the top four; the next largest suppliers were Germany (3.3% of imports), India (2.5%) and Japan (2.4%). Imports from China rose 24.9% and from the US 8.5%. Source: DANE, Importaciones (IMPO), July 2026.
Colombia's Top Imported Products
Jan–Jul 2026 · DANE · SITCLATEST| # | Product | Imports | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Machinery & transport equipment | $15,864M | 34.5% | ▲ 25.1% |
| 2 | Chemicals & related products | $9,652M | 21.0% | ▲ 8.4% |
| 3 | Manufactured goods classified by material | $5,257M | 11.4% | ▲ 3.0% |
| 4 | Mineral fuels & lubricants | $4,138M | 9.0% | ▲ 16.2% |
| 5 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | $3,596M | 7.8% | ▲ 16.2% |
| 6 | Cereals & cereal preparations | $1,830M | 4.0% | ▲ 18.0% |
| 7 | Animal feed | $902M | 2.0% | ▲ 25.6% |
| 8 | Vegetables & fruit | $578M | 1.3% | ▲ 3.5% |
| 9 | Animal & vegetable oils and fats | $465M | 1.0% | ▼ 6.8% |
| 10 | Meat & meat preparations | $427M | 0.9% | ▲ 6.4% |
SITC Rev. 3 sections (rows 1–5) and food chapters (rows 6–10), as published by DANE; values CIF. Change versus January–July 2025. Source: DANE, Importaciones (IMPO), July 2026, Table 3.
Colombia's Import Trend
Goods, CIF · US$| Period | Goods Imports | Change vs a year earlier |
|---|---|---|
| Jan–Jul 2026 | $46,044M | ▲ 15.1% |
| 2025 (full year) | $70,502M | — |
The 2025 total is the sum of DANE's published monthly figures. Source: DANE, Importaciones (IMPO), July 2026 (21 September 2026).
India is Colombia's sixth-largest supplier
India supplied 2.5% of Colombia's imports in January–July 2026, behind China, the United States, Brazil, Mexico and Germany (DANE). Check import duty for your product →
Export Summary
Colombia's Top Export Markets
Goods, FOB · Jan–Jul 2026 · DANELATEST| # | Country | Exports | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇺🇸 United States | $9,234M | |
| 2 | 🇵🇦 Panama | $2,751M | |
| 3 | 🇮🇹 Italy | $1,678M | |
| 4 | 🇮🇳 India | $1,583M | |
| 5 | 🇨🇦 Canada | $1,402M |
Brazil (4.0% of exports) and the Netherlands (3.8%) follow; DANE does not publish their values in the bulletin. Exports to Panama are mostly crude oil and to Canada mostly gold. Source: DANE, Exportaciones (EXPO), July 2026.
Colombia's Top Exported Products
Jan–Jul 2026 · DANE · SITCLATEST| # | Product | Exports | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Petroleum & petroleum products | $9,009M | 27.7% | ▲ 18.6% |
| 2 | Non-monetary gold | $4,572M | 14.1% | ▲ 90.9% |
| 3 | Coal, coke & briquettes | $2,896M | 8.9% | ▲ 1.5% |
| 4 | Coffee (unroasted) | $2,885M | 8.9% | ▼ 9.5% |
| 5 | Chemicals & related products | $2,558M | 7.9% | ▲ 2.9% |
| 6 | Manufactured goods classified by material | $1,533M | 4.7% | ▼ 13.6% |
| 7 | Cut flowers & foliage | $1,524M | 4.7% | ▼ 2.9% |
| 8 | Machinery & transport equipment | $1,247M | 3.8% | ▲ 1.9% |
| 9 | Bananas (incl. plantains) | $1,012M | 3.1% | ▲ 20.6% |
| 10 | Miscellaneous manufactured articles | $761M | 2.3% | ▼ 1.5% |
A mix of SITC product lines and manufacturing sections, as published by DANE; values FOB. Change versus January–July 2025. Source: DANE, Exportaciones (EXPO), July 2026, Table 3.
Colombia's Export Trend
Goods, FOB · US$| Period | Goods Exports | Change vs a year earlier |
|---|---|---|
| Jan–Jul 2026 | $32,489M | ▲ 12.7% |
| 2025 (full year) | $50,202M | — |
The 2025 total is the sum of DANE's published monthly figures. Source: DANE, Exportaciones (EXPO), July 2026 (3 September 2026).
India buys Colombian crude oil
India bought $1,144.6M of Colombian crude oil in January–July 2026, up 60.3%. In July 2026, however, no crude was shipped to India (DANE). Check trade obstacles →