United States of America
USA · North America · 50 states + District of Columbia
- Capital
- Washington, D.C. (38°53′N 77°01′W)
- Largest city
- New York City
- Language
- English
- Demonym
- American
- Government
- Federal presidential constitutional republic
- President
- Donald J. Trump (since 20 January 2025)
- Currency
- US dollar (USD · $)
- Area
- 9,833,517 km² (CIA World Factbook)
- Population
- 341.8 million (1 July 2025, US Census Bureau)
- GDP (nominal)
- US$30.8 trillion (2025, Bureau of Economic Analysis)
- WTO member
- Yes — since 1995
- Customs & tariff
- U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Harmonized Tariff Schedule (USITC)
US Geography & People
The United States is a federal republic of 50 states and the District of Columbia, bordering Canada to the north and Mexico to the south.
Its population reached 341.8 million on 1 July 2025 (US Census Bureau). Growth slowed to 0.5% that year, the slowest since 2021, as net international migration fell.
US Economy
The US is the world's largest economy, with nominal GDP of about US$30.8 trillion in 2025 and real growth of 2.1% (Bureau of Economic Analysis).
It is a services-led economy and runs a services trade surplus alongside a large goods deficit. The US dollar is the world's main reserve currency.
US Trade Policy
Trade policy is set by the Office of the US Trade Representative (USTR). The US has free trade agreements with 20 countries, including Canada and Mexico under the USMCA, and is a founding WTO member.
Broad new import tariffs announced in April 2025 have reshaped US trade flows, including a sharp fall in trade with China.
US Trade Position
In 2025 US goods exports ($2.2 trillion) and goods imports ($3.4 trillion) both set records, and the goods deficit reached a record $1.24 trillion (Census Bureau).
Mexico was the top US trading partner for the third year in a row in 2025, followed by Canada, with China third (Congressional Research Service).
US Top Trading Partners
Goods · Jan–Jul 2026 · US Census Bureau| # | Partner | Total Trade | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $588.5B | 16.7% |
| 2 | 🇨🇦 Canada | $439.1B | 12.5% |
| 3 | 🇨🇳 China | $221.6B | 6.3% |
| 4 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan | $196.7B | 5.6% |
| 5 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | $160.4B | 4.6% |
| 6 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | $143.5B | 4.1% |
| 7 | 🇯🇵 Japan | $142.6B | 4.1% |
| 8 | 🇩🇪 Germany | $138.2B | 3.9% |
| 9 | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | $106.0B | 3.0% |
| 10 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | $95.4B | 2.7% |
Exports plus imports of goods, Census basis, not revised. Source: US Census Bureau, Top Trading Partners, July 2026 year-to-date.
India is the 11th-largest US trading partner
US–India goods trade totalled $89.3 billion in January–July 2026 (US Census Bureau). India does not have a free trade agreement with the United States. Check trade obstacles for your product →
Other Country Profiles
Import Summary
US Top Import Sources
Goods · Jan–Jul 2026 · US Census BureauLATEST| # | Country | Imports | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $358.7B | |
| 2 | 🇨🇦 Canada | $233.7B | |
| 3 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan | $162.3B | |
| 4 | 🇨🇳 China | $156.4B | |
| 5 | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | $149.6B | |
| 6 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | $94.9B | |
| 7 | 🇩🇪 Germany | $87.6B | |
| 8 | 🇯🇵 Japan | $84.5B | |
| 9 | 🇹🇭 Thailand | $80.9B | |
| 10 | 🇮🇳 India | $58.9B |
General imports, Census basis, not revised. Source: US Census Bureau, Top Trading Partners, July 2026 year-to-date.
US Top Imported Products
Jan–Jul 2026 · Census end-useLATEST| # | Product | Imports | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Computers | $220.8B | 10.5% | ▲ 100.8% |
| 2 | Computer accessories | $133.3B | 6.4% | ▲ 66.7% |
| 3 | Pharmaceutical preparations | $100.3B | 4.8% | ▼ 47.3% |
| 4 | Passenger cars | $99.8B | 4.8% | ▼ 10.1% |
| 5 | Telecommunications equipment | $95.6B | 4.6% | ▲ 50.6% |
| 6 | Crude oil | $90.0B | 4.3% | ▲ 6.5% |
| 7 | Other automotive parts & accessories | $80.3B | 3.8% | ▼ 1.8% |
| 8 | Semiconductors | $75.0B | 3.6% | ▲ 71.5% |
| 9 | Cell phones & other household goods | $65.1B | 3.1% | ▼ 3.4% |
| 10 | Electric apparatus | $62.9B | 3.0% | ▼ 2.5% |
Seasonally adjusted, Census basis; change versus January–July 2025. Source: Census/BEA, U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services, July 2026 (Exhibit 8).
US Import Trend
Balance of payments basis · US$| Period | Goods Imports | Change vs a year earlier |
|---|---|---|
| Jan–Jul 2026 | $2.12T | ▲ 1.3% |
| Jan–Jul 2025 | $2.09T | ▲ 11.2% |
| 2025 (full year) | $3.45T | ▲ 4.8% |
Change is against the same period a year earlier. Source: Census/BEA, July 2026 release (Exhibit 1).
India ranks 10th among US import sources
For full-year 2025, the US goods deficit with India reached a record $58.2 billion (US Census Bureau annual highlights). Check import duty for your product →
Export Summary
US Top Export Markets
Goods · Jan–Jul 2026 · US Census BureauLATEST| # | Country | Exports | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 🇲🇽 Mexico | $229.8B | |
| 2 | 🇨🇦 Canada | $205.5B | |
| 3 | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | $67.4B | |
| 4 | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | $67.3B | |
| 5 | 🇨🇳 China | $65.2B | |
| 6 | 🇯🇵 Japan | $58.1B | |
| 7 | 🇩🇪 Germany | $50.7B | |
| 8 | 🇰🇷 South Korea | $48.6B | |
| 9 | 🇨🇭 Switzerland | $46.4B | |
| 10 | 🇹🇼 Taiwan | $34.4B |
Total exports, Census basis, not revised. Source: US Census Bureau, Top Trading Partners, July 2026 year-to-date.
US Top Exported Products
Jan–Jul 2026 · Census end-useLATEST| # | Product | Exports | Share | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Crude oil | $84.8B | 5.9% | ▲ 47.0% |
| 2 | Nonmonetary gold | $79.0B | 5.5% | ▲ 119.6% |
| 3 | Pharmaceutical preparations | $64.8B | 4.5% | ▼ 2.4% |
| 4 | Other petroleum products | $55.1B | 3.8% | ▲ 30.1% |
| 5 | Civilian aircraft engines | $51.8B | 3.6% | ▲ 20.1% |
| 6 | Semiconductors | $49.0B | 3.4% | ▲ 24.2% |
| 7 | Computer accessories | $47.0B | 3.3% | ▲ 50.6% |
| 8 | Other industrial machinery | $41.6B | 2.9% | ▲ 0.1% |
| 9 | Electric apparatus | $38.2B | 2.6% | ▲ 13.3% |
| 10 | Computers | $37.5B | 2.6% | ▲ 63.3% |
Seasonally adjusted, Census basis; change versus January–July 2025. Source: Census/BEA, U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services, July 2026 (Exhibit 7).
US Export Trend
Balance of payments basis · US$| Period | Goods Exports | Change vs a year earlier |
|---|---|---|
| Jan–Jul 2026 | $1.45T | ▲ 15.0% |
| Jan–Jul 2025 | $1.27T | ▲ 4.7% |
| 2025 (full year) | $2.19T | ▲ 5.4% |
Change is against the same period a year earlier. Source: Census/BEA, July 2026 release (Exhibit 1).
India is the 14th-largest market for US goods
US goods exports to India were $30.4 billion in January–July 2026 (US Census Bureau). Check trade obstacles →